Chicago Citation Guide

• Remember to use the permalink for your citations! On YouTube, you can get the permalink for a video by clicking on the "Share" button below the video and copying the link provided. 

Reference Entry:

Author Last Name, Author First Name. Year Published or Posted. "Title of Video." YouTube video, running time. Publication Date. URL. 

NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration). 2022. "Watch NASA's SpaceX Crew-3 Mission Splash Down on Earth." YouTube video, 2:00:20. May 5, 2022. https://youtu.be/vRKo_rl0Vv8.

 

In-Text Citation:

(Author Last Name Year)

(National Aeronautics and Space Administration 2022)

FILMS

Reference Entry:

Director's Last Name, First Name, dir. Film's original release year. Title of Movie. Place of Publication: Studio/Distributor, Video Release Year. Medium. 

Larran, Pablo, director. 2021. Spencer. Los Angeles: Decal Releasing, LLC, 2022. DVD.

 

In-Text Citation:

(Director Last Name Original Release Year)

(Larran 2021)

 

EPISODE OF A TELEVISION SHOW

Reference Entry:

Director's Last Name, Director's First Name, dir. Original Release year. Title of Television Show. Season number, episode number, "Title of Episode." Original Air Date, on Channel. Medium or URL if provided.

Filoni, Dave and Nathaniel Villanueva, directors. 2020. Star Wars: The Clone Wars. Season 7, episode 10, "The Phantom Apprentice." April 24, 2020, on Disney+. 

 

In-Text Citation:

(Director's Last Name, Release Year)

(Filoni and Villanueva 2020)

 

RECORDED SPEECH

• There is a difference in citations based on the format of the speech. The examples below address a video on a website and an audio recording on a website. 

VIDEO ON A WEBSITE:

Reference Entry:

Speaker Last Name, First Name. Year. "Video Title." Lecture Series Title, University Name, filmed Month Day, Year. Video of lecture, Video length. URL. 

McRaven, William H. 2014. "University of Texas Austin 2014 Commencement Address - Admiral William H. McRaven." University of Texas at Austin, May 19, 2014, 19:26. https://youtu.be/pxBQLFLei70. 

 

In-Text Citation:

(Speaker Last Name Year, timestamp)

(McRaven 2014, 14:40-15:12)

 

AUDIO RECORDING ON A WEBSITE:

Reference Entry:

Speaker Last Name, First Name. Year. "Speech Title." Recorded at Location, Month Day, Year. URL. 

Faulkner, William. 1950. "Nobel Prize Acceptance Speech." Recorded at City Hall, Stockholm, Sweden, December 10, 1950. https://archive.org/details/RTFM-Harp-940601. 

 

In-Text Citation:

(Speaker Last Name Year, time stamp)

(Faulkner 1950, 3:11-3:28)

 

LIVE PERFORMANCES

• Live performances, due to the nature of their format, cannot be consulted by your paper's reader, and therefore are generally not cited in the reference list. Instead, incorporate information about the performance within the body of your paper similar to using a signal phrase. 

Example:

In a performance of Alex Timbers's Beetlejuice at the Marquis Theatre in New York on April 8, 2022, .... 

 

INTERVIEWS

PUBLISHED

Interview Published in a Journal:

Reference Entry:

Interviewee Last Name, First Name. Year Published. "Title of Interview." Interview by Interviewer First Name, Last Name. Journal Name, volumne, issue number (Month or Season): page range. DOI or URL.

Coetzee, J. M. 1992. "An Interview with J.M. Coetzee." Interview by Richard Begam. Contemporary Literature, 33, no. 3 (Autumn): 419-431. https://doi.org/10.2307/1208476.

 

In-Text Citation:

(Interviewee's Last Name Year)

(Coetzee 1992, 430)

 

Broadcast Interview from a Website:

Reference Entry:

Interviewee Last Name, First Name. Year Published. "Title of Interview." Interview by Interviewer's First Name Last Name. Source, Date. URL. 

Fonda, Jane. 1972. "Audio Recording: Broadcast Interview WKNT: Jane Fonda." Interviewed by Rick Shane and Bob Carpenter. Kent State University Libraries. Special Collections and Archives, October 24, 1972. https://omeka.library.kent.edu/special-collections/items/show/6426.

 

In-Text Citation:

(Interviewee's Last Name Year). 

(Fonda 1972)

 

UNPUBLISHED

• Reference entries for unpublished communications and interviews are typically not used. You can, however, incorporate the information into the text with in-text citations. 

In-Text citation:

(Johnny Smith, pers. comm.)

(Jane Smith, text message to author, May 3, 2022)

 

PERSONAL COMMUNICATIONS

• Personal communication citations - emails, text messages, and other forms of messaging like Facebook messages - are cited in-text and are only rarely included in the reference list. 

 

In-Text Citation:

(Author First Name, Author Last Name, Platform message to author, Date)

(Jane Doe, Facebook message to author, October 17, 2019)